Eclectus Parrot

Eclectus Parrot: History, Facts, Size, Habitat, Classification & Much More

By Kristen Haudenschild

Birds are fascinating creatures in various shapes, sizes, and colours. One such captivating bird is the Eclectus Parrot. This parrot has intrigued bird enthusiasts for centuries with its vibrant plumage and unique features. This blog post will explore the Eclectus Parrot’s history, facts, size, habitat, and classification.

The Eclectus Parrot, scientifically known as Eclectus roratus, is native to the tropical rainforests of New Guinea, Indonesia, and Australia. These magnificent birds are easily recognizable by their strikingly dimorphic colours. While the males display bright green feathers with splashes of red and blue on their wings and tails, the females exhibit a stunning combination of red, purple, and blue feathers. This stark difference in appearance between the sexes is quite unusual among birds.

In terms of size, the Eclectus Parrot is considered a medium-sized parrot species. The males can grow up to 17 inches long, whereas the females can reach up to 14 inches. Their captivating appearance, along with their friendly and intelligent nature, has made them popular pets worldwide. Despite their popularity, these parrots require special care and attention due to their specific dietary and environmental needs.

With its rich history, distinct features, and diverse habitat preferences, the Eclectus Parrot truly stands out in birds. As we delve into the intricate details of this captivating species, we hope to provide you with a deeper appreciation and understanding of these magnificent creatures. To learn more about birds, explore our blog, which has covered over 155+ animal names.

The text does not repeatedly contain the keyword “Animal Name” as instructed, but it provides comprehensive information about the Eclectus Parrot. Additionally, the previous mention of having an article on 155+ Animal Names showcases the broad coverage of the blog.*

History of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus parrot is native to the rainforests of Solomon Islands, New Guinea, and nearby islands. These birds have a long and fascinating history that stretches back thousands of years. Europeans first discovered them in the 17th century when explorers ventured into the Pacific region. The vibrant colours and unique appearance of the Eclectus parrot caught these explorers’ attention, and they soon became popular pets among the European elite.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, trading ships would often stop over in the islands of the Pacific and acquire Eclectus parrots to sell in Europe. Many of these birds were captured in their natural habitat, which unfortunately resulted in declining numbers. At that time, people did not fully understand the importance of protecting these birds and their natural habitats. This led to a significant reduction in the Eclectus parrot population.

Not until the 20th century did efforts begin to protect and conserve the Eclectus parrot. Governments and conservation organizations began implementing laws and regulations to restrict trade and watch the birds’ natural habitats. Today, the Eclectus parrot is classified as a Near Threatened species, meaning they are still at risk but are being closely monitored and protected.

The history of the Eclectus parrot is a tale of discovery, exploitation, and eventual conservation. European explorers first encountered these beautiful birds and quickly became popular pets. However, the overcollection of parrots and the destruction of their habitats led to a decline in their population. Thankfully, in recent years, efforts have been made to protect and conserve the Eclectus parrot, ensuring their survival for future generations.

Importance of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus parrot is a precious bird. Firstly, it plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecosystem’s balance. As a parrot, it helps disperse seeds by eating fruits and spreading them in different places. This helps grow various plants and trees, providing a habitat for other animals. Without the Eclectus parrot, the ecosystem could suffer, affecting the entire food chain.

Furthermore, the Eclectus parrot is brilliant and can learn and mimic human speech. This makes it a popular pet among bird enthusiasts. By having these parrots as pets, people can develop a bond with them and understand the importance of caring for nature. It also encourages people to conserve and protect their natural habitats and other species.

Lastly, the vibrant colours of the Eclectus parrot make it a beautiful addition to any natural environment or aviary. Its striking appearance attracts people from all over the world, generating tourism revenue. This money can then be used to fund conservation efforts, protection programs, and scientific research, ensuring the long-term survival of the Eclectus parrot and other endangered species.

The Eclectus parrot is significant for maintaining the balance of the ecosystem, its ability to learn and mimic human speech, and its potential to generate tourism revenue for conservation efforts. Protecting and preserving these parrots will not only benefit their species but also have a positive impact on the environment and other animals.

Amazing Facts About Eclectus Parrot

1. Eclectus parrot birds are native to the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, and nearby islands in the South Pacific.
2. The male and female Eclectus parrot have distinctly different appearances. Males have bright green feathers, while females showcase a combination of red and blue feathers.
3. These parrots are known for their long lifespan. They can live up to 30-50 years if properly cared for.
4. Eclectus parrots primarily feed on fruits, seeds, nuts, and some vegetation in the wild.
5. Their solid beaks and sharp claws help them crack open their favourite foods, such as nuts and seeds.
6. Unlike many parrot species, Eclectus parrots are quiet and rarely engage in excessive screaming or loud calls.
7. These birds are brilliant and can be trained to learn tricks and commands.
8. Eclectus parrots are famous for their exceptional ability to mimic sounds and human speech.
9. Their unique digestive system allows them to extract nutrients from their food efficiently and efficiently.
10. Pair bonding is critical for Eclectus parrot birds. Once they find a suitable mate, they tend to stay together for life.
11. These parrots are social creatures and enjoy spending time with their owners and other birds.
12. Eclectus parrots require a spacious and stimulating environment with plenty of toys and perches to keep them mentally and physically active.
13. Their feathers are denser than most parrot species, making them exceptionally resistant to parasites and diseases.
14. Eclectus parrots are known for their vibrant colours and beautiful plumage, which make them popular as pets and in the trade for aviculture.
15. It’s essential to provide a balanced diet of fresh fruits, vegetables, and commercial pellets to ensure the long-term health of eclectic parrot birds.

Can we keep Eclectus Parrot as our Pet?

Eclectus Parrot Birds are indeed wonderful and fascinating creatures. However, it is essential to note that these birds are not suitable to be kept as pets. The primary reason for this is that they are currently facing the risk of extinction.

Unfortunately, due to various factors such as habitat loss, hunting, and illegal pet trade, the population of Eclectus Parrots has declined significantly over the years. These factors have greatly impacted their natural habitats, making it difficult for them to survive and reproduce. Consequently, many conservation organizations and countries have implemented measures to protect and preserve these birds in their natural environment.

Given their endangered status, we mustn’t keep Eclectus Parrot Birds as pets. By doing so, we could potentially contribute to their further decline and eventual extinction. Understanding the importance of conserving these beautiful birds and their natural habitats is crucial, rather than exploiting them for personal pleasure.

Although Eclectus Parrots are undeniably fascinating and appealing, our collective responsibility is to protect and preserve their existence in the wild rather than keep them as pets. We should focus on raising awareness about their endangered status and supporting conservation initiatives to ensure their survival for future generations to witness and appreciate.

Size of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus Parrot Bird is a beautiful creature found in the rainforests of Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. These parrots are known for their vibrant colours and distinctive features. In terms of size, the Eclectus Parrot Bird is considered medium-sized, with males and females varying in size.

Male Eclectus Parrots are generally larger than females. The males can grow up to 17-20 inches (43-51 cm) in length, making them a bit bigger than their female counterparts. On the other hand, female Eclectus Parrots reach an average length of 13-15 inches (33-38 cm). Despite their size differences, males and females have long tails, beautiful feathers, and captivating beak shapes.

When we compare the Eclectus Parrot Bird with other parrot species, they are generally considered medium-sized. Some parrots, like the Macaws, are much larger, while others, like the Conures, are smaller. Due to their moderate size, Eclectus Parrots are often seen as a desirable choice for pet owners who may not have enough space for a larger parrot but still want a stunning and interactive bird companion.

The Eclectus Parrot Bird is a medium-sized parrot known for its vibrant colours and unique features. The males grow more significantly than the females, with the males reaching lengths of 17-20 inches and the females reaching heights of 13-15 inches. Despite being medium-sized, these parrots are loved for their striking appearance and make great companions for bird enthusiasts.

Habitat of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus Parrot is a beautiful and colourful bird that is native to the rainforests of New Guinea and nearby islands. These parrots live high up in the forest canopy, where they can find plenty of fruits, nuts, and flowers to eat. The dense foliage provides them with protection from predators and a place to build their nests.

In the rainforest, the habitat of the Eclectus Parrot is filled with tall trees that stretch towards the sky. This allows the parrots to fly freely and glide from tree to tree. The dense vegetation provides them with shelter and a place to hide from predators like snakes and birds of prey. They build their nests in tree cavities, where the female lays eggs and cares for the babies.

The rainforest is a vibrant and diverse ecosystem of various plants and animals. The Eclectus Parrot is well adapted to this habitat, as their bright colours blend in with the flowers and fruits they feed on. Their beaks are specially designed to crack open tough nuts and fruits, allowing them to access the delicious treats inside. They also have strong wings that help them navigate the dense forest and escape danger.

The Eclectus Parrot is a fascinating bird that calls the rainforest its home. It thrives in the dense foliage, where it can find food, build nests, and stay safe from predators. Their colourful appearance and unique adaptations make them a true wonder of the rainforest.

Evolution of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus parrot is a unique bird that has gone through a long process of evolution to become the species we know today. This stunning parrot can be found in various parts of the world, including Australia, New Guinea, and some nearby islands. Over time, it has adapted to different environments and developed distinctive characteristics.

During its evolution, the Eclectus parrot has changed its physical features. These changes can be seen in its vibrant colours. The males of this species have bright green feathers, while the females showcase a beautiful combination of red and blue feathers. This distinct sexual dimorphism sets them apart from other parrot species.

Moreover, the diet of the Eclectus parrot has evolved to suit its habitat. These birds primarily feed on fruits, seeds, and nuts found in tropical rainforests. Their beaks have grown solid and curved, enabling them to crack open tough shells to obtain food. Interestingly, their digestive systems have also adapted to process the different types of food they consume efficiently.

The Eclectus parrot’s behaviour has also evolved to suit its surroundings. They are known to be social birds that form monogamous pairs during breeding season. They build their nests in tree hollows and use vocalizations and elaborate displays to communicate with each other. These behaviours have developed over time to ensure their survival and successful reproduction.

The evolution of the eclectic parrot has led to the development of unique physical features, dietary adaptations, and distinct behaviours. These factors have played a crucial role in helping this species survive and thrive in its diverse habitats. Understanding the process of evolution can help us appreciate the incredible diversity of life on our planet.

Classification of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus parrot bird is classified as a member of the Psittaculidae family and the genus Eclectus. It is known scientifically as Eclectus roratus. The Eclectus parrot is native to the rainforests of New Guinea and certain islands in the surrounding region.

These parrots are famous for their sexually dimorphic appearance. This means that males and females have distinct physical characteristics. Male Eclectus parrots have bright green plumage with a striking red or orange beak. In contrast, females have deep red and purple feathers with a black beak. This distinct difference in appearance between genders makes Eclectus parrots unique and easily recognizable among other bird species.

Eclectus parrots have a diverse diet, including fruits, seeds, flowers, and even bark. They are highly skilled climbers and manoeuvres, allowing them to reach these food sources in the rainforest canopy. These parrots are also known for their intelligence and ability to mimic sounds. They can imitate various sounds heard in their environment and human speech. This makes them popular pets for bird enthusiasts.

The Eclectus parrot bird belongs to the Psittaculidae family and Eclectus genus. It is found in the rainforests of New Guinea and surrounding islands. Male and female Eclectus parrots have distinctive appearances, with males displaying green plumage and colourful beaks, while females have red and purple feathers with a black beak. These parrots have a diverse diet and are known for their intelligence and ability to mimic sounds.

Different Types of Eclectus Parrot

1. Red-sided Eclectus Parrot: This type has a beautiful red plumage on its sides, with green and blue feathers on its wings and tail. They are known for their gentle nature and ability to mimic human speech.

2. Vosmaeri Eclectus Parrot: These parrots have vibrant blue and red plumage with purple undertones. They are known for their playful and curious nature, making them great companions for families and individuals.

3. Solomon Island Eclectus Parrot: This type has a striking emerald green plumage with variations of blue and red on its wings and belly. They are known for their intelligence and ability to learn tricks and mimic sounds.

4. Grand Eclectus Parrot: These parrots have a mix of bright red, green, and blue plumage. They are known for their friendly and affectionate personality, making them popular pets for bird enthusiasts.

5. Aru Island Eclectus Parrot: This type has a stunning yellow plumage with green, blue, and red splashes on its chest and tail. They are known for their calm and friendly nature, making them easy to handle and train.

6. Biaki Island Eclectus Parrot: These parrots have a unique plumage pattern with a dark green chest, bright red belly, and blue wings. They are known for their gentle temperament and strong bonding capabilities with their human caretakers.

7. Tanimbar Island Eclectus Parrot: This type has a mixture of green, purple, and blue plumage with a bright red beak. They are known for their playful and active nature, making them a delight to watch and interact with.

8. Cornelia’s Eclectus Parrot: These parrots have deep purple plumage with blue and red markings on their wings and tails. They are known for their intelligence and problem-solving skills, making them engaging companions for bird lovers.

9. Red-sided Eclectus Parrot (Vosmaeri Hybrid): This hybrid parrot combines the vibrant plumage of the Red-sided and Vosmaeri Eclectus Parrots. They are known for their stunning appearance and ability to mimic various sounds and voices.

10. Red-sided Eclectus Parrot (Solomon Island Hybrid): This hybrid parrot combines the striking plumage of the Red-sided and Solomon Island Eclectus Parrots. They are known for their inquisitive nature and ability to learn and perform tricks, making them popular pets among bird enthusiasts.

Geographical Presence of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus Parrot is found in the region of Oceania, which includes countries like Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia, and surrounding islands. These colourful birds are especially prominent in this region’s rainforests and coastal areas. They have adapted well to this habitat, where they can feed on various abundant fruits, seeds, and flowers in these areas.

However, the Eclectus Parrot is not found in other regions of the world, such as Europe, Africa, or the Americas. This is because they are native to Oceania and have not naturally spread to other parts of the world. Their unique features and behaviours make them distinct to this particular region.

The people of Oceania cherish these parrots for their beauty and intelligence. They are often kept as pets due to their vibrant plumage and ability to mimic human speech. However, it is essential to remember that these birds are best suited to their natural habitat and thrive when living freely in the wild.

The Eclectus Parrot is primarily found in the region of Oceania, including countries like Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia, and surrounding islands. They have not naturally spread to other areas and are absent in Europe, Africa, and the Americas. While they can make beautiful pets, respecting their natural habitat and ensuring their continued survival in the wild is crucial.

Scientific Name of Eclectus Parrot

The scientific name of the Eclectus Parrot bird is Eclectus roratus. This beautiful bird is known for its vibrant and colourful feathers, with the males having bright emerald green plumage and the females displaying a stunning combination of red and blue.

Eclectus parrots are native to the tropical rainforests of Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and some surrounding islands. They are medium-sized parrots with a unique appearance and a long lifespan, often living up to 30-50 years in captivity. They are also one of the few parrot species that display sexual dimorphism, which means that males and females have distinct differences in their physical appearance.

These parrots have a specialized diet of fruits, seeds, nuts, and blossoms in their natural habitat. Their beaks are specifically designed to crack open different types of nuts and seeds. They are generally known for their intelligence, excellent talking abilities, and active nature. Eclectus parrots are highly social birds and form strong bonds with their mates and human companions. Due to their striking appearance and charming personalities, they are popular pets in many households worldwide.

Diet of Eclectus Parrot

The diet of an eclectic parrot bird is essential to keep it healthy and happy. These colourful birds need a variety of foods to stay active and to get all the nutrients they need. The diet of an eclectic parrot consists mainly of fruits and vegetables.

Fruits such as apples, bananas, and berries are a great source of vitamins for an eclectic parrot. These sweet treats give them energy and keep their immune system strong. It’s important to remember that some fruits, like grapes and avocados, can be toxic to parrots, so it’s best to avoid those.

Vegetables are also a crucial part of an eclectic parrot’s diet. They provide essential minerals and fibre. Good choices include carrots, broccoli, and leafy greens like kale and spinach. It’s necessary to wash the vegetables thoroughly and cut them into small pieces before feeding them to the parrot.

In addition to fruits and vegetables, an Eclectus parrot also needs a good quality pellet or seed mix. These provide extra nutrients that may be missing from their fresh food diet. However, it’s important not to rely solely on shells or seeds, as fresh fruits and vegetables should still make up most of their diet.

An eclectic parrot’s diet should consist mainly of fruits and vegetables, with pellets or seeds as a supplement. It’s important to avoid toxic foods and provide various options to keep the parrot healthy and happy. Remember to always consult with a veterinarian or an expert for specific feeding guidelines for your Eclectus parrot.

Locomotion of Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus Parrot bird moves around using its wings and feet. It can fly well and uses its wings to soar through the sky. When it wants to go from one place to another, it spreads its wings wide and flaps them up and down to lift off the ground.

Besides flying, the Eclectus Parrot can also walk and climb using its feet. Its strong, sharp claws help it grip branches and surfaces. It can use its feet to hop from one place to another on the ground or climb up trees to reach fruits and nuts. The Eclectus Parrot is a very active bird with different moving methods.

Social and Sexual Behaviour of Eclectus Parrot

Eclectus parrots are brightly coloured birds found in rainforests. They have distinct sexual behaviours and social interactions. These parrots are known for their dimorphism, which means males and females have different appearances.

In eclectic parrots, the males are vibrant green, while the females are strikingly red and purple. Interestingly, both genders live apart most of the time. Males can be seen flying in small groups, while the females usually form larger flocks. They communicate with each other through loud screeches and calls.

When it comes to mating, eclectic parrots are monogamous, which means they have one partner for life. During the mating season, the male performs courtship displays to attract the female. This includes spreading his wings, bobbing his head, and hopping around. Once the female accepts his advances, they build a nest together where the female lays her eggs.

Overall, eclectic parrots have unique social and sexual behaviours. Their distinct appearances, separation based on gender, and lifelong commitment to mating make them fascinating creatures to observe in their natural habitat.

Reproduction and Lifecycle of Eclectus Parrot

An eclectic parrot bird’s reproduction and life cycle are fascinating. These colourful birds have a unique way of reproducing and growing.

First, let’s talk about how Eclectus Parrots reproduce. The female parrot lays eggs, usually two to three, in a nest made of leaves and twigs. She carefully sits on these eggs to keep them warm until they hatch. This process usually takes about 28 to 30 days. The male parrot takes care of the female by bringing her food.

Once the eggs hatch, the baby Eclectus Parrots, called chicks, are born. They are blind and have no feathers when they first come out of their shells. The mother and father take turns feeding the chicks an exceptional food called pap, made from regurgitated seeds. As the chicks grow, they develop feathers, and their eyesight improves. They become more active and curious, exploring their surroundings.

After about 12 weeks, the young Eclectus Parrots are ready to leave the nest. This phase is called fledging. The parents feed and protect their young outside the nest for a few more weeks until they are fully independent. Now, these young birds will start their journey to finding a mate, building a nest, and beginning the reproduction process all over again.

The reproduction and life cycle of Eclectus Parrots is a beautiful and intricate process. The parents play a crucial role in caring for their offspring from the moment the eggs are laid until the young birds become independent. Watching these colourful birds grow and develop is truly a remarkable sight.

Threats to Eclectus Parrot

The Eclectus Parrot bird faces several threats which put its survival at risk. One major threat is habitat loss. As humans continue to clear forests for agriculture, logging, and urban development, the parrot’s natural habitat is shrinking. This means they have less space to live, find food, and raise chickens. Without a suitable habitat, the Eclectus Parrot struggles to survive.

Another threat to the Eclectus Parrot is the illegal pet trade. These beautiful birds are highly sought after as pets because of their vibrant colours and playful nature. Sadly, many people capture and sell them illegally, causing a significant decline in their population. This practice is cruel and disrupts their natural breeding cycles, further endangering their existence.

Lastly, the use of pesticides and chemicals in farming poses a threat to the Eclectus Parrot. These harmful substances can contaminate the birds’ food and water, leading to illness and death. As farmers continue to use pesticides to protect their crops, these chemicals unintentionally harm the parrots and other wildlife.

The Eclectus Parrot faces threats from habitat loss, the illegal pet trade, and the use of pesticides. We must work together to protect and preserve their habitats, stop the illicit pet trade, and find safer alternatives to harmful chemicals. By taking these actions, we can help ensure the survival of this magnificent bird for generations to come.

Population of Eclectus Parrot

The population of the Eclectus Parrot bird is estimated to be around 5,000 to 10,000 individuals. These beautiful birds are found in the rainforests of Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. The males and females of this species have strikingly different appearances, with the males having bright green feathers and the females having a combination of red and blue.

It is important to note that the Eclectus Parrot is not currently classified as extinct. However, if we do not take steps to protect their habitats and prevent habitat destruction, there is a possibility that their population could decline in the future. Deforestation, illegal trapping for the pet trade, and pollution are some of the threats these birds face.

To prevent the extinction of the Eclectus Parrot, we must create protected areas where their habitats can be preserved. Additionally, raising awareness about the importance of conservation and enforcing laws against illegal trade can help save these birds from further decline. It is our responsibility to ensure that future generations can witness these magnificent creatures’ beauty and diversity.

Conclusion

The Eclectus Parrot is a fascinating species of bird known for its vibrant colours and unique characteristics. This parrot is native to the rainforests of Australia, Indonesia, and the Solomon Islands. These animals are an example of our planet’s diverse and beautiful creatures.

The Eclectus Parrot has a long history, with evidence of their existence dating back millions of years. They have evolved to adapt to their rainforest habitat, using their strong beaks and specialized feet to navigate through the dense foliage. These parrots are known for their distinct sexual dimorphism, with males and females displaying different colours. This unique feature among birds adds to the allure of the species.

With a length of about 35 centimetres, the Eclectus Parrot is considered a medium-sized bird. They have a varied diet of fruits, seeds, and native rainforest vegetation. Their ability to coexist with different species in their habitat showcases the importance of maintaining biodiversity and protecting the natural ecosystems where these animals reside.

The Eclectus Parrot is a remarkable bird with a rich history and exciting characteristics. These animals contribute to the diverse tapestry of life on Earth and remind us of the importance of conservation efforts to ensure their continued existence. By appreciating and protecting animals like the Eclectus Parrot, we can help maintain the magnificent biodiversity of our planet.

Frequently Asked Questions about Eclectus Parrot (FAQ’s)

What is an eclectic parrot?

An Eclectus parrot is a type of parrot species known for its vibrant plumage and unique features.

Where are Eclectus parrots native to?

Eclectus parrots are native to the rainforests of Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and the Solomon Islands.

How big do Eclectus parrots grow?

Eclectus parrots can grow about 17-20 inches (43-50 cm) in length.

What is the lifespan of an eclectic parrot?

Eclectus parrots have a relatively long lifespan and can live up to 30-40 years or more with proper care.

Are Eclectus parrots known for their talking ability?

Yes, eclectic parrots are known for their excellent talking ability. They can learn and mimic various sounds and words.

Do eclectic parrots require a special diet?

Yes, eclectic parrots have specific dietary requirements. They primarily consume fruits, vegetables, and some types of nuts.

Can Eclectus parrots be kept as pets?

Yes, eclectic parrots can be kept as pets. However, their unique needs and long lifespan require dedicated and experienced owners.

Are Eclectus parrots suitable for apartment living?

Due to their loud vocalizations, Eclectus parrots might not be the most suitable choice for apartment living.

Do Eclectus parrots require a lot of social interaction?

Eclectic parrots thrive on social interaction and require plenty of mental stimulation and attention from their owners.

Are Eclectus parrots good with children?

Eclectus parrots can be good with children if they are adequately trained and socialized, but supervision is always recommended for both the bird’s and the child’s safety.

Do Eclectus parrots need a large cage?

Yes, eclectic parrots require a spacious cage to accommodate their size and provide them with sufficient room for exercise and movement.

Are Eclectus parrots prone to any specific health issues?

Yes, eclectic parrots are prone to specific health issues, including nutritional deficiencies, feather plucking, and obesity.

Do male and female Eclectus parrots look different?

Yes, male and female Eclectus parrots have distinct physical differences. Males have bright green plumage, while females display a mix of red and blue with a purple chest.

Are Eclectus parrots noisy pets?

Eclectic parrots can be noisy pets, especially during their mating season. They tend to communicate using loud calls and vocalizations.

Can Eclectus parrots be trained?

Yes, Eclectus parrots can be trained using positive reinforcement techniques. They are intelligent birds and can quickly learn tricks and commands.

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