Moorhen: History, Facts, Size, Habitat, Classification & Much More

By Morgan Gutierrez

Today, we are excited to share with you some fascinating details about a unique and interesting bird known as the Moorhen. These wonderful creatures have a rich history and are found all over the world. So, let’s dive right in and discover some intriguing facts about them!

Firstly, Moorhens are medium-sized birds that belong to the Rail family. They are commonly found near ponds, marshes, and lakes, where they build nests made of sticks and leaves. These birds have a distinctive appearance, with their dark plumage, red beak, and long yellow legs. Interestingly, Moorhens are excellent swimmers and use their long toes to move gracefully through the water.

Moving on, let’s talk about the Moorhen’s habitat and classification. These birds reside in various regions, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. They adapt well to different environments, such as freshwater or brackish water. Moorhens are known for their adaptability and can be found in urban areas as well. As for their classification, Moorhens fall under the Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Aves, Order Gruiformes, and Family Rallidae.

In conclusion, Moorhens are captivating birds that can be found worldwide. These medium-sized creatures are known for their dark plumage, red beaks, and long yellow legs. They are excellent swimmers and are often seen near bodies of water. Moorhens have adapted to various habitats, making them a fascinating species to learn about. So, stay tuned for our future blogs where we will continue to explore the incredible world of animals. Don’t forget, you can also find our previous article that covers more than 155 different animal species!

History of Moorhen

The Moorhen is a type of bird that has been around for a very long time. It can be found in various parts of the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. The Moorhen belongs to the rail family and is known for its distinctive appearance and behavior.

In the past, the Moorhen was often referred to as the ‘water chicken’ because of its chicken-like features and its preference for living near water bodies such as ponds, lakes, and marshes. The Moorhen has adapted well to its watery habitat and has webbed feet that help it swim and navigate through the water. It also has a long, sturdy beak that it uses to search for food in the mud and vegetation.

Throughout history, the Moorhen has been seen as a resourceful and adaptable bird. It is known for its ability to build nests in various types of vegetation, including reeds and grasses. The Moorhen is also a good swimmer and can dive underwater to escape from predators. It is an omnivorous bird, meaning it eats both plants and small creatures. Its diet consists of seeds, berries, insects, small fish, and amphibians.

In conclusion, the Moorhen is a fascinating bird with a long history. It has shown great adaptability to its watery habitat and has been able to survive and thrive in various parts of the world. Its distinctive features and behavior make it an interesting subject of study for bird enthusiasts and researchers alike.

Importance of Moorhen

The Moorhen is an important animal for many reasons. Firstly, it helps to control the population of insects. Insects like mosquitoes can carry diseases that make people sick. The Moorhen eats these insects, which helps to keep their numbers under control. This is important because it reduces the risk of diseases spreading to humans.

Secondly, the Moorhen plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. It helps to distribute seeds of plants, as they eat the seeds and then spread them through their droppings. This helps in the growth of plants and ensures the continuity of various plant species. Without the Moorhen, some plants may struggle to grow and survive, leading to a negative impact on the environment.

Lastly, the Moorhen also provides food for other animals in the food chain. It serves as a prey for predators such as snakes, larger birds, and mammals. This creates a balance in nature as it helps to regulate the population of predators and prevents any single species from becoming too dominant. Without the Moorhen, other animals might face difficulty in finding food, affecting the overall biodiversity of the area.

In conclusion, the Moorhen is an important animal as it helps control the population of insects, contributes to the growth of plants, and provides sustenance for other animals. Its presence is vital for maintaining a healthy and balanced ecosystem.

Amazing Facts About Moorhen

1. Moorhens are small water birds that belong to the family of rails and crakes.
2. They are also known by other names such as marsh hens, water hens, and swamp chickens.
3. Moorhens are found in various parts of the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and America.
4. These birds are commonly found near freshwater habitats like lakes, ponds, rivers, and marshes.
5. Moorhens have a blackish body with a white undertail, and their head is adorned with a red bill and a yellow and red frontal shield.
6. Their feet are quite large and have long toes. The toes have long and slender extensions called lobes, which allow them to walk on water plants without sinking.
7. Moorhens are excellent swimmers and divers. They use their wings and feet to propel themselves underwater in search of aquatic vegetation and small aquatic animals.
8. These birds have a varied diet, feeding on plants, seeds, insects, mollusks, small fish, and amphibians.
9. Moorhens build their nests near the water’s edge, usually hidden in dense vegetation. They construct a platform of reeds and sticks, and both the male and female participate in the building process.
10. The female Moorhen lays a clutch comprising 5 to 10 eggs, which are incubated by both parents for about three weeks.
11. Once the eggs hatch, the young Moorhens are capable of leaving the nest shortly after birth and can swim and feed independently.
12. Moorhens are known for their distinctive territorial and aggressive behavior. They will fiercely defend their territory from intruders, even engaging in physical confrontations.
13. These birds are highly adaptable and can be observed living in urban environments, including city parks and gardens, as long as there is a suitable water body nearby.
14. Moorhens can communicate using a variety of calls, including soft purring sounds, clucking noises, and loud screams when danger is perceived.
15. The lifespan of Moorhens in the wild is around two to three years, although some have been known to live up to 10 years in captivity.

Can we keep Moorhen as our Pet?

Moorhens are birds that are found near wetlands, rivers, and lakes. They have dark feathers with a red and yellow beak, and they are known for their long toes that enable them to walk on floating vegetation. While moorhens might be interesting to observe in their natural habitat, it is important to remember that they are wild animals and not suitable to keep as pets.

Keeping moorhens as pets is not recommended because they are wild birds and they need specific conditions to thrive. They require ample space to fly and swim, along with a diet that consists of aquatic plants, seeds, and insects. Without these conditions, keeping a moorhen as a pet would be unfair to their natural needs.

Furthermore, it is important to respect wildlife and their natural habitats. Many species, including moorhens, are facing the threat of extinction due to habitat loss and human activities. Moorhens play an important role in balancing ecosystems and they are a part of our natural heritage. We should focus on conserving their habitats rather than keeping them as pets, as they are best suited to live freely and thrive in the wild.

In conclusion, it is not recommended to keep moorhens as pets. They are wild birds and have specific needs that cannot be met in a domestic setting. Additionally, it is crucial to protect their natural habitats and contribute to the conservation of wildlife rather than trying to keep them as pets. Let’s appreciate and enjoy the beauty of moorhens in their natural environment, where they can live happily and contribute to the balance of nature.

Size of Moorhen

The Moorhen animal is a small-sized bird that can be found in various parts of the world, including Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is slightly larger than a pigeon and usually measures around 30 centimeters in length. The Moorhen has a plump body with black feathers and a distinctive red beak that catches the eye. Its legs are long and brightly colored, ranging from yellow to red, allowing it to move swiftly through the water.

Despite its small size, the Moorhen is a skillful swimmer. It has webbed feet that enable it to paddle through lakes, ponds, and marshes with ease. The bird is also known for its ability to dive underwater for brief periods, using its wings to propel itself down. They can reach depths of up to one meter, searching for food such as aquatic plants, seeds, and small insects.

The Moorhen’s size and unique features make it easily recognizable among other water birds. Its small body and quick movements help it navigate through dense vegetation, providing it with an advantage when searching for food or escaping from potential predators. Despite its small size, the Moorhen is an important part of the ecosystem, playing a role in controlling insect populations and distributing seeds.

Habitat of Moorhen

The Moorhen animal lives in areas that have water, such as lakes, ponds, and marshes. It prefers to be in places where there are lots of plants and vegetation because it likes to hide and feel safe. These plants provide good coverage for the Moorhen and make it harder for predators, like foxes or birds of prey, to find them. The Moorhen also uses the plants to build nests and lay eggs.

The Moorhen is a bird that is mostly found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. It spends its time near water bodies like lakes and rivers. It likes to gather in groups called colonies, where several Moorhens live together in the same place. These colonies are often noisy because the Moorhens communicate with each other by making different sounds. They have very strong legs and big feet, which helps them walk on floating plants or swim in shallow waters.

The habitat of the Moorhen requires clean water and lots of food. It eats a variety of things, including insects, worms, and plants that grow in or near the water. It uses its long beak to catch small animals and to peck at the plants. Sometimes, the Moorhen will even dive underwater to find food. So, it needs a habitat that has plenty of water and abundant vegetation, making it easier for the Moorhen to find food and feel safe from predators.

Evolution of Moorhen

The Moorhen animal has gone through many changes over millions of years. In the early days, the Moorhen’s ancestors were water birds that lived near lakes and rivers. These birds had long legs and sharp beaks, which helped them catch fish and insects in the water.

As time went on, the Moorhens began to adapt to their surroundings. They developed shorter legs and adapted their beaks to eat plants and seeds found near the water’s edge. This transformation allowed them to live and thrive in different habitats, such as swamps and marshes.

In addition to physical changes, the Moorhens also evolved their behavior. They became more social and started building nests in large colonies. This helped protect them from predators and allowed them to raise their young more successfully. These birds also developed a unique ability to walk on floating vegetation, which gave them an advantage when searching for food.

Overall, the evolution of Moorhen animals shows how species can adapt and change over time to suit their environment. From being fish hunters to plant eaters, they have transformed their bodies and behavior to survive in different habitats. It is truly fascinating to learn about the journey of these amazing creatures and how they have evolved to become what we know as Moorhens today.

Classification of Moorhen

The moorhen animal belongs to the family of birds known as Rallidae. This family includes many different species of birds that are known for their aquatic lifestyles. The moorhen is a medium-sized bird that can be found in wetlands, marshes, and other watery habitats. It has a dark-colored body with a red bill and yellow legs. These birds are adept swimmers and can be spotted diving into the water to catch their food.

Moorhens have a unique classification within the animal kingdom. They are part of the class Aves, which includes all birds. They are further classified into the order Gruiformes, which encompasses birds that have a crane-like appearance. Within this order, they belong to the family Rallidae along with other water-dwelling birds. These birds are known for their ability to adapt to different environments and their skillful navigation in water bodies.

The classification of the moorhen as a bird is based on various characteristics that it possesses. Birds are warm-blooded creatures with feathers, beaks, and wings. They lay hard-shelled eggs and have a skeleton consisting of bones. Moorhens also exhibit specific behaviors and adaptations that help them survive in their natural habitat. By understanding the classification of the moorhen, we can learn more about the diverse species that exist within the animal kingdom and appreciate the unique features that make each animal special.

How did Moorhen Extinct?

1. Common Moorhen: The common moorhen, also known as the Eurasian moorhen, is a popular type of moorhen found in Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa. It has distinctive red and yellow beak, and its diet primarily consists of plants, insects, and small fish.

2. American Moorhen: The American moorhen, also called the common gallinule, is a well-known species found in North America and parts of South America. It has a vibrant red and yellow beak, and its diet includes aquatic plants, insects, and small invertebrates.

3. Purple Moorhen: The purple moorhen, known for its striking purple-blue plumage, is native to Africa, Madagascar, and parts of Europe. It is an excellent swimmer and feeds on insects, fish, and various aquatic plants.

4. Lesser Moorhen: The lesser moorhen is a bird species found in Southeast Asia, Australia, and some Pacific islands. It has a black body and red beak, and its diet mainly consists of seeds, aquatic plants, insects, and small frogs.

5. White-Flanked Moorhen: The white-flanked moorhen is a species native to parts of East Asia, including China, Japan, and Korea. It has a black body with white flanks and beak, and it feeds on plant materials, seeds, insects, and small fish.

6. Dusky Moorhen: The dusky moorhen is widely found across Australia, New Zealand, and nearby Pacific islands. It has a dark gray-black plumage, red eyes, and a red beak. Its diet includes a variety of aquatic plants, insects, snails, and small vertebrates.

7. Spot-Flanked Moorhen: The spot-flanked moorhen is a bird species endemic to the Marquesas Islands in the Pacific Ocean. It has a black body with distinctive white spots on its flanks, and its diet primarily consists of insects, seeds, and foliage.

8. Green-Backed Moorhen: The green-backed moorhen is native to parts of Southeast Asia, including India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. It has a greenish-black back, blue facial shield, and yellow beak. Its diet consists of various aquatic plants, small invertebrates, and seeds.

9. Black-Tailed Moorhen: The black-tailed moorhen is found in South America, including regions of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. It has a black body with white undertail feathers, and it feeds on aquatic plants, insects, and small fish.

10. Andean Moorhen: The Andean moorhen is a species native to the high altitudes of the Andes mountain range, primarily in South America. It has a dark body, white undertail feathers, and a red beak. Its diet includes aquatic plants, small fish, and invertebrates.

Geographical Presence of Moorhen

The Moorhen animal can be found in many different regions around the world. They are commonly seen in wetlands, marshes, and swamps. These beautiful birds are often spotted in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. They love to make their homes near water, as they are excellent swimmers and divers. Moorhens are known for their long toes that help them walk on lily pads and other floating vegetation. These magnificent creatures are a joy to see, with their vibrant feathers and red bills.

However, there are a few regions where Moorhens are not found. One such region is the Arctic Circle, where the weather is too cold and the water is frozen for most of the year. Moorhens need open water and plenty of vegetation to survive, which is not available in this frigid region. Another place where Moorhens are absent is the driest areas of the deserts, such as the Sahara Desert or the Gobi Desert. These areas have very little water, which makes it impossible for Moorhens to live there.

In summary, the Moorhen animal is found in wetlands and marshes around the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. They are skilled swimmers that love to live near water. However, they are not found in regions with extremely cold weather, like the Arctic Circle, or in dry desert areas with scarce water sources. Moorhens are fascinating creatures that bring beauty to the ecosystems they inhabit.

Scientific Name of Moorhen

The scientific name for the Moorhen animal is Gallinula chloropus. The Moorhen belongs to the family Rallidae, which includes a variety of water birds. It is a medium-sized bird with dark plumage and a red beak. The scientific name has two parts, with the first part representing the genus (Gallinula) and the second part indicating the species (chloropus).

Gallinula chloropus is commonly found in wetlands and freshwater habitats across Europe, Asia, and Africa. They are known for their distinctive red beak, which helps them forage for food in shallow water. Moorhens have long legs and big webbed feet, allowing them to walk on floating vegetation and swim effortlessly.

These birds primarily feed on aquatic plants, insects, and small aquatic animals. They are excellent swimmers and divers, using their feet and wings to propel themselves both above and below water. The Moorhen also has a unique way of communicating by making a wide range of sounds including whinnies, squealing noises, and sharp calls.

In summary, the scientific name of the Moorhen is Gallinula chloropus. They are medium-sized water birds that can be found in wetlands and freshwater habitats. The Moorhen is known for its red beak, which helps it search for food in the water. They are skillful swimmers and divers, and communicate through various vocalizations.

Diet of Moorhen

The Moorhen is a bird that loves to eat a variety of different foods. Its diet consists of both plants and animals. The Moorhen loves to eat plants like grass, seeds, and small aquatic plants. It also enjoys munching on insects, small fish, and even snails. This bird has a very adaptable diet, which means it can eat different things depending on what is available in its habitat.

One of the Moorhen’s favorite foods is waterweed. It can spend a lot of time in the water searching for this tasty treat. The bird will also dive underwater to find small fish or aquatic insects to eat. Sometimes it will wade in shallow water and use its long toes to search for food among the plants.

In addition to its plant and animal food, the Moorhen also likes to eat some human scraps. If it comes across leftover bread or other food near the water, it will happily gobble it up. However, it is important to remember that a Moorhen’s natural diet should be its primary source of food. Eating too much human food can be unhealthy for these birds.

In conclusion, the Moorhen has a diverse diet consisting of plants, insects, small fish, and even some human scraps. This adaptable diet helps the bird survive and thrive in different environments. Remember to let them enjoy their natural food sources, as providing them with too much human food may not be good for their health.

Locomotion of Moorhen

The Moorhen, a water bird, moves around in a very interesting way. It has long legs and big feet that help it walk on different surfaces such as land, floating plants, and ponds. When it walks on land, it uses a careful and slow motion, taking small steps forward. This helps it maintain balance and not fall over. Its feet also have long toes with claws that help grip the ground, providing extra support.

When the Moorhen wants to move quickly or get away from danger, it changes its way of locomotion. It spreads its wings and starts running on top of the water. This is called “running on water” or “bogtrotting.” It flaps its wings very quickly, moving its feet as if it’s running, and glides above the water surface. The Moorhen’s long toes and big feet help it distribute its weight evenly, preventing it from sinking. This allows the bird to escape from predators or reach food sources that are far away more easily. It’s truly fascinating how the Moorhen’s unique locomotion skills help it thrive in different environments.

Social and Sexual Behaviour of Moorhen

The social behavior of Moorhens is fascinating. These small birds tend to live in groups called colonies. The colonies are made up of several families that live and work together. Each family has its own territory within the colony, and they work hard to protect it from intruders. Moorhens communicate with each other using a variety of calls and signals. They use different calls to warn others about potential dangers or to signal their presence. They also use visual displays, such as aggressive postures or wing flapping, to communicate.

When it comes to sexual behavior, Moorhens typically mate for life. This means that once they find a partner, they stay together for a long time. During the mating season, males will court females by performing elaborate displays, like swimming in circles or bringing them food. The females then choose a mate based on these displays. Once a pair has formed, they will build a nest together. The female lays eggs, and both parents take turns sitting on them to keep them warm. After the eggs hatch, both parents also share the responsibility of feeding and caring for the chicks until they are old enough to fend for themselves.

Overall, Moorhens are social birds that live in colonies and have complex communication systems. They mate for life and engage in elaborate courtship displays to find their partners. Both parents play important roles in raising their chicks. These behaviors make Moorhens unique and interesting animals to study and observe in the wild.

Reproduction and Lifecycle of Moorhen

The Moorhen animal has a fascinating life cycle and interesting reproduction process. Let’s dive into the details!

Moorhens reproduce by laying eggs. The female Moorhen usually builds a nest near the water, using sticks, leaves, and other materials. Once the nest is complete, the female lays around 8 to 12 eggs and carefully incubates them. During this time, the male Moorhen takes on the responsibility of protecting the nesting area from any potential threats.

After about 3 weeks, the eggs begin to hatch. The adorable little Moorhens, known as chicks, emerge from their shells. The chicks are covered in fluffy down feathers and are usually black in color. They depend on their parents for food and protection during this period. The parents keep a close eye on their young ones as they learn to swim and explore their surroundings.

As the chicks grow, their feathers start to change, and they gradually gain a more adult-like appearance. Around 2 months after hatching, the young Moorhens are ready to fly and become independent. They leave their parents’ care and find their own territories. The Moorhen’s life cycle repeats as they reach maturity and start their own families.

In summary, Moorhens reproduce by laying eggs, with the female building a nest and the male offering protection. The eggs hatch into fluffy chicks that need their parents’ care until they become independent. From there, they grow into adult Moorhens and go on to start their own families. It’s truly fascinating to witness the life cycle of an amazing creature like the Moorhen!

Threats to Moorhen

Moorhens are a type of waterbird that live near ponds, lakes, and marshes. Unfortunately, these beautiful creatures face several threats to their survival. One of the biggest threats is habitat loss. As humans continue to develop land for houses and buildings, the natural habitats of moorhens are disappearing. This means there are fewer places for them to nest, find food, and raise their chicks.

Another threat to moorhens is pollution. When chemicals from factories, farms, and homes get into the water, it can harm not only the plants and fish but also the moorhens. These birds rely on clean water for their survival. If the water becomes polluted with harmful substances, it can make the moorhens sick or even cause their death. Pollution also affects the availability of food for moorhens, as it can harm the plants and insects they eat.

Lastly, moorhens face dangers from predators. They have many predators such as foxes, cats, and birds of prey that hunt them for food. As moorhens often build their nests near water, their eggs and chicks become vulnerable to these predators. With fewer safe nesting places due to habitat loss, moorhens have an even harder time protecting their young from being attacked and eaten.

In conclusion, habitat loss, pollution, and predators pose significant threats to moorhens. It is important for humans to take action to protect these beautiful waterbirds. By conserving their natural habitats, reducing pollution, and creating safe nesting areas, we can help ensure the survival and well-being of the moorhens for future generations. Let’s all work together to protect and preserve the fascinating creatures that share our planet.

Population of Moorhen

The population of the Moorhen animal is estimated to be around 1 million individuals worldwide. Moorhens are waterbirds that live near ponds, lakes, and marshes. They are known for their distinctive red beak, black feathers, and bright yellow legs. These birds are excellent swimmers and divers, using their strong legs and wings to move gracefully through the water.

However, it is sad to say that the Moorhen animal is now extinct. Human activities such as habitat destruction, pollution, and hunting have greatly impacted their population. The destruction of wetlands and the draining of marshy areas made it difficult for them to find a suitable habitat to live in. Additionally, pollution from chemicals and waste in the water made it hard for them to find clean and safe environments to breed and raise their young. Finally, the Moorhen’s beautiful plumage made them a target for hunters, leading to their decline and eventual extinction.

Sadly, we must remember the Moorhen animal as a species that once existed but no longer does. It serves as a reminder to us all of the importance of protecting wildlife and their habitats. We must strive to make more responsible choices to ensure that other animals do not face the same fate as the Moorhen.

Conclusion

All in all, the moorhen is a fascinating creature that has a rich history and many interesting facts. Its size and habitat make it a unique animal to study and learn about. From its classification as a member of the rail family to its preference for living in wetlands, the moorhen holds a special place in the animal kingdom.

One of the most intriguing aspects of the moorhen’s history is its presence in ancient times. The bird has been mentioned in various mythologies and folklore, symbolizing different meanings across different cultures. This shows that humans have been aware of and fascinated by the moorhen for centuries.

In terms of size, the moorhen is a medium-sized bird, making it easy to spot in its natural habitat. Its black plumage with a distinctive red beak and yellow legs add to its unique appearance. The moorhen’s habitat plays a crucial role in its survival, as it prefers to live in wetlands and marshy areas. This allows it to easily find food, nest, and raise its young. These characteristics make the moorhen a true wonder of the animal kingdom.

In summary, the moorhen is an incredible creature with a long and storied history. Its size, habitat, and classification as a rail make it a noteworthy animal to study. Whether you encounter a moorhen in person or learn about it through books and online resources, take the time to appreciate this remarkable member of the animal kingdom.

Frequently Asked Questions about Moorhen (FAQ’s)

Q1: What is a Moorhen animal?
A1: A Moorhen animal is a species of bird, scientifically known as Gallinula chloropus, found in wetlands and marshes.

Q2: What is the appearance of a Moorhen?
A2: Moorhens have dark plumage with a distinct red frontal shield above their bill, along with a white undertail and a long, red beak.

Q3: Where are Moorhens commonly found?
A3: Moorhens are frequently found in freshwater habitats across Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Q4: What is the size of a Moorhen?
A4: The average Moorhen measures around 30-38 cm (12-15 inches) in length, with a wingspan of approximately 50-62 cm (20-24.5 inches).

Q5: What is the diet of a Moorhen?
A5: Moorhens primarily feed on seeds, insects, snails, small fish, and aquatic plants.

Q6: Are Moorhens good at flying?
A6: Moorhens are capable flyers, however, they prefer to swim and walk when moving shorter distances.

Q7: Do Moorhens migrate?
A7: Moorhens are generally sedentary birds, meaning they do not migrate long distances, but some populations may undertake local movements.

Q8: How do Moorhens build their nests?
A8: Moorhens construct nests made of twigs, reeds, and other vegetation near the edge of the water.

Q9: How many eggs do Moorhens lay?
A9: Moorhens typically lay 8-12 eggs in a single clutch.

Q10: How long does it take for Moorhen eggs to hatch?
A10: Moorhen eggs hatch after an incubation period of approximately 19-22 days.

Q11: Are Moorhens considered to be endangered?
A11: No, Moorhens are listed as a species of “Least Concern” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Q12: What are the predators of Moorhens?
A12: Some common predators of Moorhens include foxes, birds of prey, water snakes, and large fish.

Q13: Do Moorhens make any sounds?
A13: Yes, Moorhens are known for their loud and distinctive territorial calls, which can include a series of grunts, whinnies, and clucking sounds.

Q14: Are Moorhens social animals?
A14: Moorhens are generally solitary birds, although they may form small groups during the non-breeding season.

Q15: Can Moorhens adapt to urban environments?
A15: Yes, Moorhens have demonstrated the ability to adapt and thrive in urban environments with suitable wetland habitats, such as city parks or artificial lakes.

Leave a Comment